Gabriel's 11+ Writing Lab

Task Type: Discursive Essay

What's the Task?

A discursive essay is like being a thoughtful explorer of ideas. Instead of just arguing one side (like in persuasive writing), you look at different viewpoints on a topic. You might be asked to discuss the pros and cons of keeping wild animals as pets, or explore whether technology helps or hinders exploration adventures. The goal is to present a balanced discussion, showing you understand different perspectives, before often concluding with your own opinion. It requires careful thinking and clear organisation.

Exam Success Checklist

To write a thoughtful discursive essay, aim for these features:

(Based on a prompt: Discuss the arguments for and against exploring dangerous places like deep oceans or high mountains.)

Humans have always been driven by a spirit of adventure, pushing boundaries to explore the unknown corners of our world, from the deepest oceans to the highest peaks. However, venturing into such dangerous environments raises important questions. Is the knowledge gained worth the significant risks involved?

On the one hand, exploring hazardous places can lead to incredible discoveries that benefit humanity. For instance, deep-sea exploration might uncover new species or resources that could lead to medical breakthroughs. Similarly, scaling treacherous mountains allows scientists to study unique ecosystems and the effects of extreme conditions, potentially helping us understand climate change better. The pursuit of knowledge and the thrill of discovery are powerful arguments in favour of these challenging expeditions.

Furthermore, overcoming extreme challenges pushes the limits of human endurance and technology. Developing submarines that can withstand immense pressure or creating gear for high-altitude climbing leads to innovations that can have wider applications. These adventures inspire people, demonstrating courage and resilience, and encouraging future generations to dream big and tackle difficult problems.

On the other hand, the risks associated with exploring dangerous environments are undeniable and severe. Expeditions can be incredibly expensive, diverting resources that some argue could be better used elsewhere, perhaps tackling poverty or disease. More importantly, the human cost can be tragic. Many brave explorers have lost their lives attempting to conquer hostile territories, leaving families devastated. Is any discovery truly worth such a sacrifice?

Additionally, some critics argue that human presence can damage these fragile environments. Deep-sea ecosystems are delicate, and mountaineering expeditions can leave behind waste. Perhaps some places are best left undisturbed, observed remotely through technology rather than visited in person.

In conclusion, while the drive to explore dangerous environments yields valuable knowledge, technological advancement, and inspiration, it comes at a significant cost, both financially and in terms of human life and potential environmental impact. Finding a balance between the quest for discovery and the responsible management of risks and resources seems crucial as we continue to probe the limits of our world.

Why it works: Clear introduction setting out the topic. Presents balanced viewpoints ('On the one hand...', 'On the other hand...'). Each paragraph focuses on a specific point (benefits: discovery, innovation; risks: cost, human life, environment). Uses linking words ('Furthermore', 'Similarly', 'However', 'Additionally', 'In conclusion'). Offers a considered conclusion summarising both sides and offering a final thought. Maintains a formal, thoughtful tone.

Discursive Strategy: The 'For & Against' T-Chart

Before writing, quickly plan your ideas using a simple T-chart. Draw a large 'T' on your planning paper. Label one column 'For' (or 'Advantages') and the other 'Against' (or 'Disadvantages'). Brainstorm points for each side of the topic.

Diagram showing a T-chart with columns labelled For and Against

Use a T-Chart to organise points for both sides.

Aim for 2-3 strong points for each side. Then, structure your essay:

  1. Introduction: Introduce the topic and state it has different viewpoints.
  2. 'For' Paragraph(s): Discuss the points from your 'For' column, using P.E.E. (Point, Example/Evidence, Explanation) for each.
  3. 'Against' Paragraph(s): Discuss the points from your 'Against' column, using P.E.E. for each. Use linking words like 'However' or 'In contrast' to switch sides.
  4. Conclusion: Briefly summarise the main arguments and give your balanced opinion.

Ready to Practise?

Time to explore different sides of an idea! Use the T-chart to plan your thoughts. Find some interesting discursive topics in the Practice Zone, perhaps related to animal welfare or the ethics of adventure.

Scribbles the monkey mascot holding balancing scales

Monkebius says: "Think like a judge! Weigh up both sides of the argument fairly before you reach your conclusion. Use a T-chart to keep things balanced!"